LA INFLUENCIA DEL SEXO, LA IDENTIDAD DE GÉNERO Y EL TIEMPO DE DIAGNÓSTICO EN EL CAMUFLAJE SOCIAL EN AUTISMO
Palabras clave:
Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo, Diagnóstico Tardio, Camuflagem SocialResumen
El camuflaje social se refiere a una estrategia, consciente o inconsciente, utilizada por personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista para encajar en los contextos sociales e implica el acto de disimular comportamientos típicos del transtorno. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los roles del sexo, la identidad de género (género diverso versus cisgénero) y el momento del diagnóstico (antes o después de los 21 años de edad) y las interacciones entre estos factores en 28 adultos brasileños con diagnóstico de autismo, utilizando las subescalas de asimilación, compensación y enmascaramiento del Cuestionario de Rasgos Autísticos de Camuflaje. Los participantes que presentan mayores puntuaciones en el Cuestionario fueron mujeres, no heterosexuales, de género diverso, con educación superior incompleta y que recibieron el diagnóstico después de los 21 años. Ninguna de las variables investigadas pareció impactar de forma diferenciada las estrategias de camuflaje social, ni las subclases de compensación, enmascaramiento y asimilación. Estos resultados son diferentes de los que ya se han presentado en la literatura estadounidense. Esta diferencia puede deberse a cuestiones culturales y a la comprensión y aceptación del autismo diferentes entre brasileños y estadounidenses.
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